WORKSHEET OF ANTI-MICROBIAL AGENTS FOR 5-MEMBER GROUP
Group Number: ________2___________
#
|
NAME
OF
ANTIMICROBIAL
AGENT/PRODUCT
|
CATEGORY
OR TYPE
OF
ANTIMICROBIAL
AGENT
|
ACTIVE
INGREDIENT IN
ANTIMICROBIAL
AGENT
|
MODE
OR MECHANISM OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
|
|
INGREDIENT’S NAME
|
AMOUNT
|
||||
1.
|
Purell
|
Sanitizer
Antibacterial |
Ethyl
alcohol (Ethanol)
|
62%
|
Alcohol denatures microbial
proteins
|
2.
|
Biaxin
|
Antibiotic
|
Clarithromycin
a macrolide antibiotic
|
250
mg per 5mL oral suspension
|
Inhibits bacterial protein
synthesis
|
3.
|
Contact Lens Disinfectant
|
Disinfectant
|
Hydrogen
peroxide
|
3%
|
Hydroxyl free radicals produced by
hydrogen peroxide destroy membrane lipids of microbe
|
4.
|
Listerine
|
Antiseptic
|
Eucalyptol
Menthol
Tymol
|
0.092%
|
Bacterial cell wall destruction,
Bacterial enzymatic functions inhibition
|
5.
|
Zithromax
|
Antibiotic
|
Azithromycin
|
250mg
|
Azithromycin binds to rRNA of a
bacterial ribosomal subunit, it blocks protein synthesis by inhibiting
peptide translocation
|
6.
|
Anti-Bacterial Soap
|
Antibacterial
|
Triclosan
|
15%
|
Triclosan inhibits synthesis of
fatty acids. Triclosan damages the cell walls of bacteria, slowing their
growth so that the bacteria eventually die.
|
7.
|
Tilex
|
Antibacterial
disinfectant
|
Sodium
hypochlorite
|
2.40%
|
It causes proteins to lose their
structures it is considered an oxidizing agent that prevents the cellular
enzyme system from functioning.
|
8.
|
Lysol
|
Disinfectant
spray
|
Alkyl
(50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate,
Ethanol
|
0.10%
58.00%
|
The ethanol in Lysol denatures
protein.
|
9.
|
Colgate Toothpaste
|
Anti-cavity
|
Sodium
monofluorophosphate
|
0.76%
(0.15% w/v fluoride ion)
|
When bacteria in the mouth combine
with sugars they produce acid. This acid can erode tooth enamel and damage
our teeth. Fluoride can protect teeth from demineralization that is caused by
the acid.
|
10.
|
Amoxil
|
Antibiotic
|
Penicillin
|
500mg
|
inhibits cell wall sythesis by
binging antibacterial protein
|
11.
|
Cipro
|
Antibiotic
|
Ciproflaxicin
hydrochloride
|
500mg
|
Affects the ability to grow by
interfering with bacterial enzymes which are nessacery for bacteria to copy
and repair DNA
|
12.
|
Levaquin
|
Antibiotic
|
Levoflaxin
|
700mg
|
Affects the ability to grow by
interfering with bacterial enzymes which are nessacery for bacteria to copy
and repair DNA
|
13.
|
Scope
|
Antibacterial,
Antiseptic
|
Cetylpyridinium
Chloride
|
0.05
- 0.10%
|
Contact with bacteria occurs by
the disturbance of the cell membrane, inhibition of cell function, seepage of
cell contents, and eventually cell death
|
14.
|
Speed Stick Gel Deodorant
|
Antiperspirant
Antiseptic
|
Aluminum
zirconium tetrachlorohydrex
|
10%,
15.4 and 18 %
|
Functions by diffusing into the
sweat gland and forming a colloidal "plug" which limits the flow of
sweat to the skin surface. The plug is gradually broken down and normal
sweating resumes.
|
15.
|
Clorox
|
Disinfectant
|
Sodium
Hypochlorite
|
6%
|
Hypochlorite, the active
ingredient of clorox attacks essential bacterial proteins by causing proteins
to lose their structure and form large aggregates. This inhibits the
bacterial growth and ultimately kills the bacteria.
|
16.
|
Hydrogen Peroxide
|
Disinfectant
Antiseptic
|
Hydrogen
Peroxide
|
3%
|
Oxidation of cellular components
(membrane lipids), growth inhibition
|
17.
|
Fabuloso
|
Cleaning
and foaming agents
|
Sodium
Dodecyl Benzene (linear)
C9-11
Pareth-8
Sodium
Laureth Sulfate
|
1%
|
Not antimicrobial, cleaning agents
|
18.
|
Gillette Antiperspirant Gel
|
Antiseptic
|
Aluminum
Zirconium Octachlorohydrex Gly
|
16%
|
Aluminum salts are antimicrobial
agents, they inhibit microbial growth by denaturing bacterial protein
|
19.
|
Dishwashing Liquid
|
Antibacterial
|
Triclosin
|
10%
|
Triclosan inhibits synthesis of
fatty acids. Triclosan damages the cell walls of bacteria, slowing their
growth so that the bacteria eventually die.
|
20.
|
Alcohol Swab
|
Antiseptic
|
Isopropyl
|
70%
|
Alcohols
dehydrate cells, disrupt membranes and cause coagulation of protein
|
21.
|
Aquafresh
|
Anti-cavity
|
Sodium
monofluorophosphate
|
0.15%
w/v fluoride ion)
|
Both compounds produce ionic
fluoride, which blocks glycolysis and exchanges with the hydroxyl group of
the hydroxyapatite crystal of enamel. As a result, oral bacteria produce
lesser amounts of acidic compounds to become more insoluble.
|
22.
|
Tide Detergent
|
Detergent
|
Borax
(sodium borate)
|
20g/liter
|
Borate is a bacteriostatic and
fungistatic. It inhibits bacterial and fungal growth and proliferation.
|
23.
|
Betadine
|
Antiseptic
|
Povidone
iodine
|
10%
|
Impairs protein synthesis and
alters cell membranes.
|
24.
|
Formaldehyde
|
Drying
agent
|
Formaldehyde
|
10%
|
Inactivate proteins by forming
covalent cross links with several organic functional groups on proteins
|
25.
|
Doxycycline
|
Antibiotic
|
Doxyeyclyline
|
200mg
|
lopophilic pass through lipid
bilayerof bacteria blocking the binding of RNA and DNA inhibiting protein
synthesis
|
26.
|
Savlon
|
Antiseptic
Biocide
|
Cetrimide
Chlorhexidine
|
3.0%
0.3%
|
Cetrimide-Destroys and damages
cell membrane by lowering tension of surface. It causes microbial protein
denaturation.
Chlorhexidine-Binds to cell wall
and destabilizes by osmosis causing it to rupturewhich causes fluid to leak
leading to lysis and death.
|
27.
|
Mitchum Antiperspirant
|
Aluminum
Sesquichlorohydrate (anhydrous)
|
25%
|
Antiperspirant
|
|
28.
|
Vinegar
|
Antibacterial
|
Acetic
Acid
|
5%
|
The acid kills bacteria and
viruses by denaturing (chemically changing) the proteins and fats that
make-up these.
|
29.
|
Dynacin
|
Antibiotic
|
Minocycline
Hydrochloride
|
50,
100 and 200 mg
|
Inhibits protein synthesis and
thus bacterial growth by binding to 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits
of susceptible bacteria
|
30.
|
Neosporin
|
Antibiotic
|
Bacitracin
zinc, neomycin sulfate, and polymyxin B sulfate
|
BZ:
400 units, NS: 3.5mg, PBS: 5000 units
|
Actively transported across the
bacterial cell membrane, binds to a specific receptor protein on the 30 S
subunit of bacterial ribosomes, and interferes with an initiation complex
between mRNA (messenger RNA) and the 30 S subunit, inhibiting protein
synthesis. DNA may be misread, thus producing nonfunctional proteins;
polyribosomes are split apart and are unable to synthesize protein
|
References:
http://www.tufts.edu/med/apua/about_issue/agents.shtml
http://ingredientpal.com/ingredients-of-listerine-mouthwash-in-cool-mint
http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/1477/SPC/Zithromax+Capsules,%20+Suspensionhttp://ingredientpal.com/ingredients-of-listerine-mouthwash-in-cool-mint
http://www.drugs.com/search.php?searchterm=aquafreshAnnex
 | |
Mechanisms of antimicrobial action
|
